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Január 8. az év 8. napja a Gergely-naptár szerint. Az évből még 357 (szökőévekben 358) nap van hátra.
Névnapok: Gyöngyvér + Anasztáz, Apollinár, Apollinária, Erhard, Ince, Jukundusz, Jutas, Jutocsa, Kövecs, Polina, Polla, Szevér, Szeverin, Szeverina, Szörénd, Szörény, Tácia, Tas, Virág, Zerénd, Zerind
Események Politikai események
- 1198 – III. Ince pápa, a középkor egyik legnagyobb egyházfőjének megválasztása.
- 1297 – Monaco függetlenségének kikiáltása.
- 1849 – A nagyenyedi népirtás kezdete. Nagyenyedet éjszaka 9000 román és szász felkelő támadja meg. A város magyar lakosságát lemészárolják.
- 1918 – Thomas Woodrow Wilson amerikai elnök 14 pontos békeszerződés-tervezetet terjeszt a szenátus elé. Később ez lesz az első világháborút lezáró békeszerződések alapja.
- 1919 – A prágai csehszlovák kormány Szlovákia irányításával megbízott teljhatalmú minisztere, Vavro Šrobár feloszlatja az 1918. október 30. után létrejött szlovák nemzeti tanácsokat.
- 1959 – Charles de Gaulle lesz a Francia Köztársaság elnöke.
- 1959 – Fidel Castro Havannába érkezik.
- 1961 – A franciák Algéria függetlensége mellett döntenek az anyaországban és a tengerentúli megyében egyidejűleg tartott népszavazáson.
- 1986 – Irak–iráni háború: Megkezdődik a „Kerbala V” fedőnevű hadművelet Horramsahrtól északnyugatra.
- 2008 –
- Pokolgépes merényletet követnek el D. M. Dasszanajake Srí Lanka-i nemzetépítési miniszter ellen, aki a kórházba szállítás után nem sokkal életét veszti.
- Késsel támad a Maldív-szigetek államfőjére egy fiatalember, de Maumun Abdul Gajum nem sérül meg.
- Előválasztások az Egyesült Államokban: New Hampshire államban a demokratáknál Hillary Clinton, a republikánusoknál John McCain győz.
- Bilával Bhutto Zardári az ENSZ által felügyelt vizsgálatot kér anyja, Benazír Bhutto halála ügyében.
- 1812 – A velencei Teatro Moseban bemutatták Gioachino Rossini egyfelvonásos operáját a Szerencsés tévedést.
- 1928 – Serédi Jusztiniánt rendhagyó módon Rómában személyesen XI. Piusz pápa szenteli püspökké, miután 1927. ádventjében november 30-án esztergomi érsekké nevezte ki, majd december 19-én bíborosi rangra emelte püspöki felszentelés nélkül.
- 1962 – A harmeleni vonatkatasztrófában 93 ember veszítette életét. Ez volt Hollandia legsúlyosabb vasúti tragédiája.
- 2020 – Az Ukraine International Airlines Boeing 737-800-as utasszállító repülőgépét az Iráni légvédelem lelőtte, közvetlenül a Teheráni repülőtérről való felszállás után. A gépen tartózkodó 177 személy közül senki sem élte túl a becsapódást illetve az azt követő robbanást.
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January 8 is the eighth day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. 357 days remain until the end of the year (358 in leap years).
Events
- 307 – Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying.[1]
- 871 – Alfred the Great leads a West Saxon army to repel an invasion by Danelaw Vikings.[2]
- 1297 – François Grimaldi, disguised as a monk, leads his men to capture the fortress protecting the Rock of Monaco, establishing his family as the rulers of Monaco.[3]
- 1454 – The papal bull Romanus Pontifex awards the Kingdom of Portugal exclusive trade and colonization rights to all of Africa south of Cape Bojador.[4]
- 1499 – Louis XII of France marries Anne of Brittany in accordance with a law set by his predecessor, Charles VIII.[5]
- 1547 – The first Lithuanian-language book, the Catechism of Martynas Mažvydas, is published in Königsberg.[6]
- 1735 – The premiere of George Frideric Handel's Ariodante takes place at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.[7]
- 1746 – Second Jacobite rising: Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Stirling.[8]
- 1790 – George Washington delivers the first State of the Union address in New York City.[9]
- 1806 – The Dutch Cape Colony in southern Africa becomes the British Cape Colony as a result of the Battle of Blaauwberg.[10]
- 1811 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes in the north American settlements of St. Charles and St. James, Louisiana.[11]
- 1815 – War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans: Andrew Jackson leads American forces in victory over the British.[12]
- 1828 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized.[13]
- 1835 – US President Andrew Jackson announces a celebratory dinner after having reduced the United States national debt is zero for the only time.[14]
- 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Springfield.[15]
- 1867 – The United States Congress passes the bill to allow African American men the right to vote in Washington, D.C.[16]
- 1877 – Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle against the United States Cavalry at Wolf Mountain, Montana Territory.[17]
- 1889 – Herman Hollerith is issued US patent #395,791 for the 'Art of Applying Statistics' — his punched card calculator.[18]
- 1912 – The African National Congress is founded, under the name South African Native National Congress (SANNC).[19]
- 1918 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson announces his "Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I.[20]
- 1920 – The steel strike of 1919 ends in failure for the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers labor union.[21]
- 1926 – Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuỵ is crowned king of Vietnam, the country's last monarch.[22]
- 1926 – Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz.[23]
- 1936 – Kashf-e hijab decree is made and immediately enforced by Reza Shah, Iran's head of state, banning the wearing of Islamic veils in public.[24]
- 1940 – World War II: Britain introduces food rationing.[25]
- 1945 – World War II: Philippine Commonwealth troops under the Philippine Commonwealth Army units enter the province of Ilocos Sur in Northern Luzon and attack invading Japanese Imperial forces.[26]
- 1956 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. missionaries are killed by the Huaorani of Ecuador shortly after making first contact.[27]
- 1959 – Charles de Gaulle is proclaimed as the first President of the French Fifth Republic.[28]
- 1961 – In France a referendum supports Charles de Gaulle's policies in Algeria.[29]
- 1964 – President Lyndon B. Johnson declares a "War on Poverty" in the United States.[30]
- 1972 – Bowing to international pressure, President of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto releases Bengali leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from prison, who had been arrested after declaring the independence of Bangladesh.[31]
- 1973 – Soviet space mission Luna 21 is launched.[32]
- 1973 – Watergate scandal: The trial of seven men accused of illegal entry into Democratic Party headquarters at Watergate begins.
- 1975 – Ella T. Grasso becomes Governor of Connecticut, the first woman to serve as a Governor in the United States other than by succeeding her husband.[33]
- 1977 – Three bombs explode in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union, within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group.[34]
- 1981 – A local farmer reports a UFO sighting in Trans-en-Provence, France, claimed to be "perhaps the most completely and carefully documented sighting of all time".[35]
- 1982 – Breakup of the Bell System: In the United States, AT&T agrees to divest itself of twenty-two subdivisions.[33]
- 1989 – Kegworth air disaster: British Midland Flight 92, a Boeing 737-400, crashes into the M1 motorway, killing 47 of the 126 people on board.[36]
- 1994 – Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov on Soyuz TM-18 leaves for Mir. He would stay on the space station until March 22, 1995, for a record 437 days in space.[37]
- 1996 – An Antonov An-32 cargo aircraft crashes into a crowded market in Kinshasa, Zaire, killing up to 223 people on the ground; two of six crew members are also killed.[38]
- 2002 – President of the United States George W. Bush signs into law the No Child Left Behind Act.[39]
- 2003 – Turkish Airlines Flight 634 crashes near Diyarbakır Airport, Turkey, killing the entire crew and 70 of the 75 passengers.[40]
- 2003 – Air Midwest Flight 5481 crashes at Charlotte-Douglas Airport, Charlotte, North Carolina, killing all 21 people on board.[41]
- 2004 – The RMS Queen Mary 2, then the largest ocean liner ever built, is christened by her namesake's granddaughter, Queen Elizabeth II.[42]
- 2005 – The nuclear sub USS San Francisco collides at full speed with an undersea mountain south of Guam. One man is killed, but the sub surfaces and is repaired.[43]
- 2009 – A 6.1-magnitude earthquake in northern Costa Rica kills 15 people and injures 32.[44]
- 2010 – Gunmen from an offshoot of the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda attack a bus carrying the Togo national football team on its way to the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations, killing three people and injuring another nine.[45]
- 2011 – Sitting US Congresswoman Gabby Giffords is shot in the head along with 18 others in a mass shooting in Tucson, Arizona. Giffords survived the assassination attempt, but 6 others died, including John Roll, a federal judge.[46]
- 2016 – Joaquín Guzmán, widely regarded as the world's most powerful drug trafficker, is recaptured following his escape from a maximum security prison in Mexico.[47]
- 2020 – Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 crashes immediately after takeoff at Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport; all 176 on board are killed. The plane was shot down by an Iranian anti-aircraft missile.[48]
- Babinden (Belarus, Russia)
- Christian feast day:
- Abo of Tiflis
- Apollinaris Claudius
- Blessed Eurosia Fabris
- Gauchito Gil (Folk Catholicism)
- Gudula
- Harriet Bedell (Episcopal Church (USA))
- Lawrence Giustiniani
- Lucian of Beauvais
- Maximus of Pavia
- Our Lady of Prompt Succor (Roman Catholic Church)
- Pega (Anglican and Roman Catholic churches)
- Severinus of Noricum
- Thorfinn of Hamar
- January 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Commonwealth Day (Northern Mariana Islands)
- Earliest day on which Children's Day can fall, while January 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Saturday in January. (Thailand)
- Earliest day on which Lee–Jackson Day can fall, while January 14 is the latest; celebrated on Friday before Martin Luther King Jr. Day. (Virginia)
- Typing Day (International observance)
